1.Catalytic converter ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa poizoni wa mpweya wochokera ku injini yoyaka mkati.

2. Poyeretsa zowononga zomwe zatsala pakuyaka kudzera muzochita za mankhwala Oxidation ndi Reduction, otembenuza othandizira amasintha mpweya wa hydrocarbon (HC) ndi carbon monoxide (CO) kukhala nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2) ndi madzi ( H2O), ndikukweza mpweya woipa kukhala wotsika kwambiri.

3.Chigawo chonyamulira cha chothandizira njira zitatu ndi porous ceramic zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mu chitoliro chapadera chotopa. Imatchedwa chonyamulira chifukwa sichitenga nawo gawo pazothandizira zokha, koma imakutidwa ndi platinamu, rhodium, palladium ndi zitsulo zina zamtengo wapatali. Amasintha HC ndi CO kuchokera ku gasi wotulutsa mpweya kukhala madzi ndi CO2, pamene akuphwanya Nox kukhala nayitrogeni ndi mpweya. HC, CO ndi mpweya wapoizoni, kupuma mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa imfa, ndipo NOX idzatsogolera mwachindunji ku kuchitika kwa photochemical smog. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti njira zitatu zosinthira chothandizira ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yochepetsera utsiwu. Ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi kuchepetsa, mpweya wa monoxide umasinthidwa kukhala mpweya woipa, ma hydrocarbons amapangidwa ndi madzi ndi mpweya woipa, ndipo ma nitrogen oxide amachepetsedwa kukhala nayitrogeni ndi okosijeni. Mipweya yonse itatu yovulaza yakhala yopanda vuto.