Kutheni abaguquleli beendlela ezintathu zeCatalytic bengabizi iidola ezintathu?

Siyazi ukuba iindlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic ngokubanzi ziqala ukusuka kukusilela kwesithuthi.Akubizi mali iphantsi ukutshintsha entsha ngaphantsi kwamakhulu ambalwa eyuan okanye ngaphezulu kweshumi lamawaka eyuan. Kutheni singathethi nge-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu namhlanje? Kutheni ibiza? Indlela yokuchitha imali encinci kwaye utshintshe kakubi?

Yintoni Eyenzayo

Sinokucinga ngendlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic nje "njengesixhobo sokukhusela indalo" kwisithuthi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ungcoliseko lomoya belufumana ingqwalasela engakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye imigangatho yelizwe elithandathu yokukhupha umoya yaseTshayina iye yaphakama. Iindlela ezintathu zokuguqula ii-catalytic zibaluleke ngakumbi-ngokufutshane, ukuphefumla iigesi ezinobungozi kunye nokukhupha ezingenabungozi. I-arhente yokucoca kwi-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu iya kuphucula umsebenzi we-CO, i-HC kunye ne-NOx kwi-automobile exhaust gas, ebangela ukuba iqhube i-redox ethile kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yigesi engenabungozi.

Kutheni Ziindleko?

Abantu abatshintshileyo bayazi ukuba abaguquli beendlela ezintathu zibiza kakhulu. Ezinye iimoto zibiza amashumi amawaka eeyuan, ezinokulingana nesinye eshumini seendleko zemoto. Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuba ibiza kangaka.

Enye kukuba iqulethe iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo. I-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu iquka iqokobhe, umaleko wokumanzisa, umthwali kunye ne-catalyst coating. Iintsimbi ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-Pt (i-platinum) , i-Rh (i-Rhodium) , i-PD (i-palladium) kunye nezinyithi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba eziquka i-CE (cerium) kunye ne-LA (lanthanum) zisetyenziswe kwizinto ezifakwe kwi-catalyst-coated. Yiyo loo nto bephinda besebenzisa iindlela ezintathu zokuguqulela i-catalytic converter.Ikwasisizathu sokuba abaqhubi bakudala bathathe isiguquli esidala sendlela ezintathu xa betshintsha entsha.

Okwesibini, ngenxa yokuba ukuveliswa kweemfuno eziphezulu zobugcisa. Kwimarike kunokwenza abavelisi abakwizinga eliphezulu beendlela ezintathu zokuguqulela, ngokunjalo banyuse ixabiso lendlela ezintathu zokuguqula indlela. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho abaguquli be-catalytic abaphantsi kweendleko ezintathu, kodwa kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kumgangatho weendlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic aziyi kubangela kuphela amandla esithuthi, ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nezinye iziphumo ezibi, kodwa kuchaphazela nokuhlolwa kwesithuthi. . Kwaye ubomi benkonzo buya kufinyezwa kakhulu, ixabiso elipheleleyo alincinci.

Ukusilela kunye nonobangela

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zendlela-ntathu ye-catalyst zezi:

I-1.Isibane sesiphoso sikhanyisiwe, ikhowudi yephutha jikelele yi-P0420 okanye i-P0421 (emele ukuguqulwa okuphantsi kokuphumelela).

I-2.I-exhaust gas idlula umgangatho, ochaphazela isithuthi sokuhlola.

3. Uya kubangela ukuba isithuthi sihambe ngokukhawuleza, amandla aphantsi.

4.Ezinye iingxaki, ezifana nesandi esingaqhelekanga, ukunyibilika, ukuqhekeka, ukuwa.

Kukho izizathu ezithathu zoku kusilela:

Eyokuqala ngumgangatho we-fuel, i-fuel kwi-lead kunye ne-sulphur kunye ne-lubricants kwi-phosphorus kunye ne-zinc iya kubangela ingozi enkulu kwi-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu. Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba nokuba yibhokisi yepetroli enelothe esetyenzisiweyo, iya kubangela ukungaphumeleli okunzulu kweendlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic. Kodwa ilizwe lethu sele liqaphele ukuba i-petroli yemoto i-unleaded, oku sele kufuneka ungakhathazeki.

Okwesibini ukuqwalasela impazamo ye-injini, efana nomlilo we-injini, umxube ongqindilili kakhulu okanye obhityileyo kakhulu, ukutshiswa kwe-oyile ye-injini, njalo njalo.

Okokugqibela kubomi boyilo, ukusetyenziswa kwesithuthi sendlela-ntathu ye-catalytic converter akukho mpazamo enkulu, inokusetyenziselwa ukuguga kwayo ngokwendalo, abahlobo bemoto basindisa ingxaki enkulu.

Indlela Yokukhuselwa

Ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ibiza kakhulu, singabandisa njani ubomi beendlela ezintathu zokukhuthaza?

Eyona ndlela ichanekileyo kukucoca rhoqo, umjikelezo ocetyiswayo wokucoca yi-40-50,000 km. Ukukhethwa kwe-oyile ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesithuthi sokuqala, musa ukuvumela izinga leoli lidlule umda we-oyile ye-oyile. (ezinye iimodeli ze-VW zine"Oyile eninzi kakhulu kwigumbi le-injini iya konakalisa i-catalytic reactor", abaqhubi be-VW banokuhoya)

Kwakhona khetha amafutha ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesithuthi, musa ukuphelelwa amafutha, kangangoko unako ukugcina amafutha awoneleyo. Izongezo zamafutha azikwazi ukusebenzisa i-manganese, iimveliso zentsimbi.